python代码画出“冰墩墩”和“时钟”（附源码）

连续十几天的阴、雨、雪天总算结束、放晴了！

枝头上的花骨朵，迎着春日的暖阳，含苞待放，真可谓是“挨过寒冬便是春”。

冬奥进行时，一“墩”难求，但是这难不倒程序员，今天就分享一段网上 python画出冰墩墩的代码，并感受一下python中turtle库的强大，

连续5年排名第一的编程语言-python，绝不是浪得虚名！

python画出冰墩墩视频

效果：

00 Turtle库

Turtle库是Python语言中一个很流行的绘制图像的函数库，想象一个小乌龟，在一个横轴为x、纵轴为y的坐标系原点，(0,0)位置开始，它根据一组函数指令的控制，在这个平面坐标系中移动，从而在它爬行的路径上绘制了图形。

01 调用库

用时可以import turtle，类似于c语言开头的调用头文件，每调用一个函数就要加turtle，如turtle.setup();turtle.seth()……

或者是from turtle import*,这样后面可以省略turtle。

02 设置绘图窗体

turtle.setup(width,height,startx,starty)

该函数设置画图窗口的位置大小，参数为画图窗口左上角点相对于屏幕左上角点的坐标，也可以不如果只规定窗体的长宽，则位置是屏幕正中，也可以不设置。

03 turtle库里的坐标系

以在屏幕正中为原点的笛卡尔坐标系为参考。

命令有：

turtle.goto(x,y) #(x,y)是坐标，如turtle.goto(50,60),就到坐标为(50，60)的位置。

turtle.seth(angle)#改变物体的朝向，基准一直是x轴正方向。如果海龟的前进方向是沿着y轴正方向，要让朝向变成x负方向，要使用turtle.seth(180)，而不是turtle.seth(90)

04 画笔

4.1 画笔的状态

在画布上，默认有一个坐标原点为画布中心的坐标轴，坐标原点上有一只面朝x轴正方向小乌龟。这里我们描述小乌龟时使用了两个词语：坐标原点(位置)，面朝x轴正方向(方向)， turtle绘图中，就是使用位置方向描述小乌龟(画笔)的状态。

4.2 画笔的属性

画笔(画笔的属性，颜色、画线的宽度等)

1) turtle.pensize()：设置画笔的宽度；

2) turtle.pencolor()：没有参数传入，返回当前画笔颜色，传入参数设置画笔颜色，可以是字符串如"green", "red",也可以是RGB 3元组。

3) turtle.speed(speed)：设置画笔移动速度，画笔绘制的速度范围[0,10]整数，数字越大越快。

4.3 绘图命令

操纵海龟绘图有着许多的命令，这些命令可以划分为3种：一种为运动命令，一种为画笔控制命令，还有一种是全局控制命令。

05 冰墩墩源码

import turtle  # python画图库
turtle.title('北京冬奥-冰墩墩（公众号：Hacking黑白红）')
turtle.speed(10)  # 速度
# 左手turtle.penup()turtle.goto(177, 112)turtle.pencolor("lightgray")turtle.pensize(3)turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(80)turtle.circle(-45, 200)turtle.circle(-300, 23)turtle.end_fill()
# 左手内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(182, 95)turtle.pencolor("black")turtle.pensize(1)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.setheading(95)turtle.pendown()turtle.circle(-37, 160)turtle.circle(-20, 50)turtle.circle(-200, 30)turtle.end_fill()# 轮廓# 头顶turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-73, 230)turtle.pencolor("lightgray")turtle.pensize(3)turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(20)turtle.circle(-250, 35)# 左耳turtle.setheading(50)turtle.circle(-42, 


    
180)# 左侧turtle.setheading(-50)turtle.circle(-190, 30)turtle.circle(-320, 45)# 左腿turtle.circle(120, 30)turtle.circle(200, 12)turtle.circle(-18, 85)turtle.circle(-180, 23)turtle.circle(-20, 110)turtle.circle(15, 115)turtle.circle(100, 12)# 右腿turtle.circle(15, 120)turtle.circle(-15, 110)turtle.circle(-150, 30)turtle.circle(-15, 70)turtle.circle(-150, 10)turtle.circle(200, 35)turtle.circle(-150, 20)# 右手turtle.setheading(-120)turtle.circle(50, 30)turtle.circle(-35, 200)turtle.circle(-300, 23)# 右侧turtle.setheading(86)turtle.circle(-300, 26)# 右耳turtle.setheading(122)turtle.circle(-53, 160)turtle.end_fill()
# 右耳内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-130, 180)turtle.pencolor("black")turtle.pensize(1)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(120)turtle.circle(-28, 160)turtle.setheading(210)turtle.circle(150, 20)turtle.end_fill()
# 左耳内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(90, 230)turtle.setheading(40)turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.circle(-30, 170)turtle.setheading(125)turtle.circle(150, 23)turtle.end_fill()
# 右手内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-180, -55)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.setheading(-120)turtle.pendown()turtle.circle(50, 30)turtle.circle(-27, 200)turtle.circle(-300, 20)turtle.setheading(-90)turtle.circle(300, 14)turtle.end_fill()
# 左腿内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(108, -168)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(-115)turtle.circle(110, 15)turtle.circle(200, 10)


    
turtle.circle(-18, 80)turtle.circle(-180, 13)turtle.circle(-20, 90)turtle.circle(15, 60)turtle.setheading(42)turtle.circle(-200, 29)turtle.end_fill()# 右腿内turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-38, -210)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(-155)turtle.circle(15, 100)turtle.circle(-10, 110)turtle.circle(-100, 30)turtle.circle(-15, 65)turtle.circle(-100, 10)turtle.circle(200, 15)turtle.setheading(-14)turtle.circle(-200, 27)turtle.end_fill()
# 右眼# 眼圈turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-64, 120)turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(40)turtle.circle(-35, 152)turtle.circle(-100, 50)turtle.circle(-35, 130)turtle.circle(-100, 50)turtle.end_fill()# 眼珠turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-47, 55)turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(25, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-45, 62)turtle.pencolor("darkslategray")turtle.fillcolor("darkslategray")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(19, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-45, 68)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(10, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-47, 86)turtle.pencolor("white")turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(5, 360)turtle.end_fill()
# 左眼# 眼圈turtle.penup()turtle.goto(51, 82)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(120)turtle.circle(-32, 152)turtle.circle(-100, 55)turtle.circle(-25, 120)turtle.circle(-120, 45)turtle.end_fill()


    
# 眼珠turtle.penup()turtle.goto(79, 60)turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(24, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(79, 64)turtle.pencolor("darkslategray")turtle.fillcolor("darkslategray")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(19, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(79, 70)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(10, 360)turtle.end_fill()turtle.penup()turtle.goto(79, 88)turtle.pencolor("white")turtle.fillcolor("white")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(0)turtle.circle(5, 360)turtle.end_fill()
# 鼻子turtle.penup()turtle.goto(37, 80)turtle.fillcolor("black")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.circle(-8, 130)turtle.circle(-22, 100)turtle.circle(-8, 130)turtle.end_fill()
# 嘴turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-15, 48)turtle.setheading(-36)turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.circle(60, 70)turtle.setheading(-132)turtle.circle(-45, 100)turtle.end_fill()
# 彩虹圈turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-135, 120)turtle.pensize(5)turtle.pencolor("cyan")turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(60)turtle.circle(-165, 150)turtle.circle(-130, 78)turtle.circle(-250, 30)turtle.circle(-138, 105)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-131, 116)turtle.pencolor("slateblue")turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(60)turtle.circle(-160, 144)turtle.circle(-120, 78)turtle.circle(-242, 30)turtle.circle(-135, 105)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-127, 112)turtle.pencolor("orangered")turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(60)turtle.circle(-155, 136)turtle.circle(-116, 86)turtle.circle(-220, 30)


    
turtle.circle(-134, 103)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-123, 108)turtle.pencolor("gold")turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(60)turtle.circle(-150, 136)turtle.circle(-104, 86)turtle.circle(-220, 30)turtle.circle(-126, 102)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-120, 104)turtle.pencolor("greenyellow")turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(60)turtle.circle(-145, 136)turtle.circle(-90, 83)turtle.circle(-220, 30)turtle.circle(-120, 100)turtle.penup()
# 爱心turtle.penup()turtle.goto(220, 115)turtle.pencolor("brown")turtle.pensize(1)turtle.fillcolor("brown")turtle.begin_fill()turtle.pendown()turtle.setheading(36)turtle.circle(-8, 180)turtle.circle(-60, 24)turtle.setheading(110)turtle.circle(-60, 24)turtle.circle(-8, 180)turtle.end_fill()
# 五环turtle.penup()turtle.goto(-5, -170)turtle.pendown()turtle.pencolor("blue")turtle.circle(6)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(10, -170)turtle.pendown()turtle.pencolor("black")turtle.circle(6)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(25, -170)turtle.pendown()turtle.pencolor("brown")turtle.circle(6)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(2, -175)turtle.pendown()turtle.pencolor("lightgoldenrod")turtle.circle(6)turtle.penup()turtle.goto(16, -175)turtle.pendown()turtle.pencolor("green")turtle.circle(6)turtle.penup()
turtle.pencolor("black")turtle.goto(-16, -160)turtle.write("BEIJING 2022", font=('Arial', 10, 'bold italic'))turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

06 python画出时钟

# coding=utf-8
import turtlefrom datetime import *
# 抬起画笔，向前运动一段距离放下def Skip(step):    turtle.penup()    turtle.forward(step)    turtle.pendown()
def mkHand(name, length):    # 注册Turtle形状，建立表针Turtle    turtle.reset()    Skip(-length * 0.1)    # 开始记录多边形的顶点。当前的乌龟位置是多边形的第一个顶点。    turtle.begin_poly()    turtle.forward(length * 1.1)    # 停止记录多边形的顶点。当前的乌龟位置是多边形的最后一个顶点。将与第一个顶点相连。    turtle.end_poly()    # 返回最后记录的多边形。    handForm = turtle.get_poly()    turtle.register_shape(name, handForm)
def Init():    global secHand, minHand, hurHand, printer    # 重置Turtle指向北    turtle.mode("logo")    # 建立三个表针Turtle并初始化    mkHand("secHand", 135)    mkHand("minHand", 125)    mkHand("hurHand", 90)    secHand = turtle.Turtle()    secHand.shape("secHand")    minHand = turtle.Turtle()    minHand.shape("minHand")    hurHand = turtle.Turtle()    hurHand.shape("hurHand")
    for hand in secHand, minHand, hurHand:        hand.shapesize(1, 1, 3)        hand.speed(0)
    # 建立输出文字Turtle    printer = turtle.Turtle()    # 隐藏画笔的turtle形状    printer.hideturtle()    printer.penup()
def SetupClock(radius):    # 建立表的外框    turtle.reset()    turtle.pensize(7)    for i in range(60):        Skip(radius)        if i % 5 == 0:            turtle.forward(20)            Skip(-radius - 20)
            Skip(radius + 20)            if i == 0:                turtle.write(int(12), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))            elif i == 30:                Skip(25)                turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))                Skip(-25)            elif (i == 25 or i == 35):                Skip(20)                turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))                Skip(-20)            else:


    
                turtle.write(int(i/5), align="center", font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))            Skip(-radius - 20)        else:            turtle.dot(5)            Skip(-radius)        turtle.right(6)
def Week(t):      week = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三",            "星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]    return week[t.weekday()]
def Date(t):    y = t.year    m = t.month    d = t.day    return "%s %d%d" % (y, m, d)
def Tick():    # 绘制表针的动态显示    t = datetime.today()    second = t.second + t.microsecond * 0.000001    minute = t.minute + second / 60.0    hour = t.hour + minute / 60.0    secHand.setheading(6 * second)    minHand.setheading(6 * minute)    hurHand.setheading(30 * hour)
    turtle.tracer(False)    printer.forward(65)    printer.write(Week(t), align="center",                  font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))    printer.back(130)    printer.write(Date(t), align="center",                  font=("Courier", 14, "bold"))    printer.home()    turtle.tracer(True)
    # 100ms后继续调用tick    turtle.ontimer(Tick, 100)
def main():    # 打开/关闭龟动画，并为更新图纸设置延迟。    turtle.tracer(False)    Init()    SetupClock(160)    turtle.tracer(True)    Tick()    turtle.mainloop()
if __name__ == "__main__":    main()

效果：

原文参考：

http://k.sina.com.cn/article_6080368657_v16a6b101101901261z.html

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39593961/article/details/111114802

https://www.cnblogs.com/chen0307/articles/9645138.html